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How do hubs segregate packets?
Hubs segregate packets because hubs are used as switches. Through a VLAN, hubs, when used as switches, can easily segregate incoming and outgoing traffic.
Which two types of traffic are always transmitted as untagged?
traffic that assigned native vlan
Why would packets from the router or hosts fail when trying to reach the switch management interfaces if the native VLAN were left in default?
The native VLAN is untagged. If the VLAN 99 traffic to the router is untagged (as it would be, because that is native on the switches), the router cannot interpret the data because there is no VLAN information in the header as expected. In turn, the router tags all VLAN 99 traffic outbound, and leaves VLAN 1 data untagged, so the switches are unable to correctly interpret either. VLAN traffic to the other VLANs should not be affected by the assignment of the native VLAN.
Which two types of traffic are always transmitted as untagged frames?
Management traffic and native VLAN traffic are always transmitted as untagged frames. Management traffic is used for device configuration and monitoring, while native VLAN traffic is traffic that is not associated with any specific VLAN and is transmitted untagged within a VLAN network.
What is pvid?
A Port VLAN ID (pvid) is a default VLAN ID that is assigned to an access port to designate the virtual LAN segment to which this port is connected. The pvid places the port into the set of ports that are connected under the designated VLAN ID. Also, if a trunk port has not been configured with any VLAN memberships, the virtual switch's Port VLAN ID (pvid) becomes the default VLAN ID for the ports connection.
What is the default VLAN?
The default VLAN on a network switch is VLAN 1, which is automatically assigned to all switch ports when they are first configured. This VLAN is used for management and control traffic within the switch. It's important to note that using VLAN 1 for user data traffic can create security vulnerabilities, so best practices recommend changing the default VLAN and using separate VLANs for different types of traffic.
Which distinct type of VLAN is used by an administrator to access and configure a switch?
The distinct type of VLAN used by an administrator to access and configure a switch is called the "Management VLAN." This VLAN is specifically designated for management traffic, allowing administrators to connect to the switch for configuration purposes. Typically, it is assigned a specific VLAN ID and is separate from user data traffic to enhance security and manageability.
How does a switch that is configured for 802.1Q trunking handle untagged frames that are received on a trunk port?
The frames are assigned to the native VLAN.
What factor is a security risk for VLAN trunking?
One significant security risk for VLAN trunking is the possibility of VLAN hopping attacks, where an attacker can send packets to a VLAN they do not belong to by manipulating the trunking protocol. This can happen through techniques like double tagging, where the attacker places a packet with two VLAN tags, allowing it to traverse trunk links and reach unauthorized VLANs. Proper configuration of VLANs, including using dynamic trunking protocols securely and implementing access control lists, is essential to mitigate these risks.
What are VLANs used for?
VLANs provide the capability so virtually segregate traffic on a network. VLANs work by tagging traffic packets and ensuring that packets with separate VLAN IDs are only available at ports which have been configured for that VLAN ID.
What is qnq solution for layer2?
QnQ stands for "QinQ" which is a method for providing Virtual LAN (VLAN) isolation on an Ethernet network. It involves tagging packets with multiple VLAN tags to create a hierarchical structure. This allows service providers to extend VLANs across their network infrastructure.
What is traditional inter vlan routing?
Traditional inter-VLAN routing involves using a router to enable communication between different VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks). Each VLAN is assigned its own subnet, and the router interfaces with each VLAN through sub-interfaces or physical interfaces. This method allows for the separation of broadcast domains while facilitating inter-VLAN traffic, enhancing network performance and security. Typically, this approach requires a router or a Layer 3 switch to manage the routing process.
