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That law is called, precisely, the Law of Conservation of Momentum.
The total momentum before the collision is the same as the total momentum after the collision. This is known as "conservation of momentum".
Newtons law
The affect of force on the object during collision is described by a quantity called momentum. It is defined as p = mv where = p is momentum, m = mass of the object and v is velocity.
You can't think of momentum as simply "increasing" and "decreasing" - you have to consider momentum as a vector.If in a collision one object's momentum changes by a certain amount, call it "a", the momentum of the other object will change by the opposite amount, "-a" - both "a" and "-a" are vectors that add up to zero. If you consider only the magnitudes of the momentum, by conservation of energy the momenta can't both increase - but they can certainly both decrease, when objects collide head-on.
An object's momentum depends on its mass, its speed, and the direction it's moving. If you know these numbers, you can calculate the momentum on your own. You don't need no scientist.
Newton's Third Law is closely related to Conservation of Momentum. When objects collide, whether the collision is elastic or not, momentum is conserved. (An elastic collision is one in which mechanical energy is conserved. In an elastic collision, after the collision, the objects go away at the same relative speed at which they approached before the collision.)
The vector sum of momenta before and after the collision is the same. One way to visualize this is that if one of the colliding objects changes its momentum (mass x velocity) in one direction, then the other colliding object must needs change its momentum in the opposite direction - by the same amount, except for the direction.
You must convert the mass from pounds to kilograms, time from seconds to seconds, and distance from feet to meters. Only then can you use the formula for momentum (momentum = mass * velocity) to calculate momentum in SI units (kg*m/s).
Momentum of an object is its own property but it can be transferred by that object to any other object during their collision ( elastic or inelastic ) so as to conserve the total momentum of the system as demonstrated by the law of conservation of momentum. One of the examples of the transferring of momentum is the transfer of momentum and incident energy from photons of x rays to the loosely bound electrons in graphite target in Compton effect.
== == Momentum is the product of the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity (or speed). Momentum is conserved so if a moving object hits a staionary object the total momentum of the two objects after the collision is the same as the momentum of the original moving object.
The conservation of linear momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant in the absence of external forces. This principle is derived from Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In practical terms, this means that the momentum of an object before a collision is equal to the momentum of the objects after the collision in the absence of external forces.