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None of it but Galileo's discoveries with the telescope were very important in raising questions about the old Ptolemaic theory, which was geocentric. However Galileo's discovery of Venus's phases was not a proof of the heliocentric principle because Tycho produced a geocentric model that explained Venus's phases.
His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations and support for Copernicanism.
Galileo's discoveries showed faults with the old Ptolemaic theory, which had the Sun at the centre. So he was right to publicise these but not to proclaim that the heliocentric theory of Copernicus was correct. Tycho produced a geocentric theory that explained the phenomena discovered by Galileo, which were (mainly) the full range of phases dislplayed by Venus. Eventually Johannes Kepler brought out a new heliocentric theory with novel elliptical orbits for the planets. It was later backed up by Newton's theoretical discoveries and by later measurements, and it is the model used and accepted today.
The most important discovery Galileo made to support the heliocentric model was his telescopic observation of the phases of Venus. From Earth, Venus appears in phases like those of the moon's - new, waxing crescent, waxing gibbous, full, waning gibbous, and waning crescent. In the Ptolemaic model Venus is never on the far side of the sun from Earth, and so it would never display the gibbous or full phases. On his first observation to check for Venusian phases he saw a gibbous Venus at once invalidating the Ptolemaic model. Over several months he continued his observations and saw Venus changing phase to half, and waning crescent confirming that Venus orbited the sun.
In the opinion of many historians, Galileo Galileo studies of the universe led to Sir Issac Newton's discoveries on the laws of gravity. Galileo's support of Copernicus and his idea that the earth revolved around the sun, led Galileo into prison as this idea went against Church theology. After Galileo recanted he was freed.
None of it but Galileo's discoveries with the telescope were very important in raising questions about the old Ptolemaic theory, which was geocentric. However Galileo's discovery of Venus's phases was not a proof of the heliocentric principle because Tycho produced a geocentric model that explained Venus's phases.
His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations and support for Copernicanism.
Galileo's discoveries showed faults with the old Ptolemaic theory, which had the Sun at the centre. So he was right to publicise these but not to proclaim that the heliocentric theory of Copernicus was correct. Tycho produced a geocentric theory that explained the phenomena discovered by Galileo, which were (mainly) the full range of phases dislplayed by Venus. Eventually Johannes Kepler brought out a new heliocentric theory with novel elliptical orbits for the planets. It was later backed up by Newton's theoretical discoveries and by later measurements, and it is the model used and accepted today.
Galileo Galilei . He only helped support the theory through his observations , he didn't invent the model, Copernicus did.
The most important discovery Galileo made to support the heliocentric model was his telescopic observation of the phases of Venus. From Earth, Venus appears in phases like those of the moon's - new, waxing crescent, waxing gibbous, full, waning gibbous, and waning crescent. In the Ptolemaic model Venus is never on the far side of the sun from Earth, and so it would never display the gibbous or full phases. On his first observation to check for Venusian phases he saw a gibbous Venus at once invalidating the Ptolemaic model. Over several months he continued his observations and saw Venus changing phase to half, and waning crescent confirming that Venus orbited the sun.
In the opinion of many historians, Galileo Galileo studies of the universe led to Sir Issac Newton's discoveries on the laws of gravity. Galileo's support of Copernicus and his idea that the earth revolved around the sun, led Galileo into prison as this idea went against Church theology. After Galileo recanted he was freed.
One important discovery was the four large moons of Jupiter, which Galileo was the first to observe and describe. He also discovered that they orbit around Jupiter, the first example of anything that did not orbit round the Earth, which lent support to the idea that the Sun might be at the centre of the solar system. After Galileo's lifetime, with further scientific discoveries, this was discovered to be true.
Galileo's discoveries, such as his support for the Copernican model of the universe, challenged the prevailing belief that the Earth was the center of the universe. This threatened the authority and teachings of the Catholic Church, which had long held that the Earth was at the center. Galileo's ideas were seen as heretical and he was punished by the Church, leading to an uproar over the clash between science and religious authority.
Galileo's discoveries with the telescope sowed doubts about the ancient Ptolemaic model which had the Earth at the centre. First, Jupiter's moons orbited round Jupiter and not the Earth, the first objects that had been discovered that were not orbiting the Earth. Secondly the discovery of the phases of Venus raised doubt about the Ptolemaic model, particularly the gibbous phase when, we now know, Venus is round behind the Sun as seen from Earth. In the Ptolemaic model Venus never goes behindthe Sun (as seen from Earth) and the gibbous phase cannot happen.By implying in the title of his book 'Dialogue of the two world systems' that there were only two models in contention, those of Ptolemy and Copernicus, Galielo insinuated that if the Ptolemaic model was incorrect the Copernican system must be correct. This was logically flawed because at the time there were two other systems in the public domain that both explained Venus's phases. These were the models of Tycho, which was geocentric, and finally Kepler's which was heliocentric.Of these four, Kepler's was eventually accepted by everyone after Newton's theoretical discoveries showed that Kepler's elliptical orbits for the planets agreed with the new theory of dynamics.
He discovered that they orbit around Jupiter, the first example of anything that did not orbit round the Earth, which lent support to the idea that the Sun might be at the centre of the solar system. After Galileo's lifetime, with further scientific discoveries, this was discovered to be true
The Bible is written from an implicitly geocentric viewpoint, so if we take the Bible as the ultimate authority on everything, then it would be wrong to come to other conclusions such as the heliocentric theory, merely by observing the way the universe actually is. Incidentally, although Galileo did support the heliocentric theory, it was originally proposed by Copernicus. It isn't Galileo's model. Galileo did contribute to this theory with his astronomical observations, however.
Galileo played the lute.