By the way they look, (their bone structure, body weight) and DNA too.
all extinct organisms more closely related to the crown group than to any other living group. = Paraphyletic group.
evolution
Pathogen means "disease-causing" (pathos-: suffering, disease; -gen: begetting) Therefore: "harmful to living organisms" For the other answers: beneficial organisms are not pathogens; harmful only to plants are specifically plant pathogens; "nearly extinct" has no relevance in this question.
All living organisms have to have a host to create other organisms. This includes micro organisms as well as bacterial organisms
Yes, they do.
Excluding dinosaurs, the closest living relatives of birds are crocodiles. Extinct animals they are related include other archosaurs, such as pterosaurs, rauisuchians, aetosaurs, etc.
Parasitology is the study of parasites, which are organisms which obtain nourishment and protection from other living organisms. Parasitology is closely related to cell biology, biochemistry, and ecology.
A hole in the ozone is a big threat. It can cause humans and other organisms to extinct.
elks are related organisms to the woodland caribou
Bacteria multiplies like other living organisms so they can do the jobs they're supposed to.
Bacteria multiplies like other living organisms so they can do the jobs they're supposed to.
Bacteria multiplies like other living organisms so they can do the jobs they're supposed to.