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A gene is made with four bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. when proteins are synthesized the DNA unzips and complementary bases are matched up A-T and G-C. A codon is 3 bases which translate to an amino acid e.g. glycine is guanine, guanine and cytosine.
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
Wiki User
∙ 14y agoCodons are three consecutive nucleotides of DNA in an exon. The genetic code is the mapping between codons and amino-acids. There are 64 possible codons, and 20 possible amino-acids so this is not a one-to-one mapping.
Wiki User
∙ 15y agoThey are related because if your genetic code gets damaged that means mutation. So really the defect of a genetic code is the definiton of a mutation
Wiki User
∙ 14y agoDNA is short for dioxyribonucleic acid. It is a complex molecule that contains genetic code.
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Why are new alleles formed?
Mutations can change what protein a section of codes for. The production of different proteins would cause different physical development; a new allele or "trait".
Are new alleles made by natural selection?
No - natural selection does not create new alleles. Variation in alleles needs to exist in the population in order for natural selection to occur. Natural selection will involve the change in allele frequencies over time, but it does not create new alleles. New alleles are the result of mutations.
Are mutations the only way to add new genes to a gene pool?
yes. independent assortment and crossing over in mitosis will add new combinations of alleles to the DNA but only mutations will create new genes.
What is the original source of all the different alleles of a genes?
A mutation in a pre-existing gene. If the mutation effects the phenotype derived from the gene, it is determined to be a different allele. Mutations can be small (such as a single nucleotide polymorphism) or large (such as entire genome duplication).
What kind of mutations will always be passed to offspring in the gametes or reproductive cells of organisms?
All characteristics were at some point mutations. Successful genetic mutations that are present in a parent in the homozygous form willl always be transmitted into the gametes. Whether the offspring will have the characteristic phenotypically hinges ont the genetics of both parents and which alleles are in the fertilized egg.
What is the major source of new alleles in natural populations?
either new organisms entered the population from an external source, or there were mutations
How do mutations affect genetic equilibrium?
by introducing new alleles
What is the only true source of original variation in alleles?
Mutations
Why are new alleles formed?
Mutations can change what protein a section of codes for. The production of different proteins would cause different physical development; a new allele or "trait".
What are the instinct against inbreeding?
Genetic diseases and mutations as a result of the pairing of bad alleles.
How alleles and genes related?
Genes and alleles are related because alleles are inside a gene. Genes are made up by alleles. A gene is DNA. The allele is like piece of DNA inside a gene.
Are new alleles made by natural selection?
No - natural selection does not create new alleles. Variation in alleles needs to exist in the population in order for natural selection to occur. Natural selection will involve the change in allele frequencies over time, but it does not create new alleles. New alleles are the result of mutations.
What is variation in evolution?
A variation of a gene is called and allele. Different alleles are caused by mutations.
Are mutations the only way to add new genes to a gene pool?
yes. independent assortment and crossing over in mitosis will add new combinations of alleles to the DNA but only mutations will create new genes.
What is the original source of all the different alleles of a genes?
A mutation in a pre-existing gene. If the mutation effects the phenotype derived from the gene, it is determined to be a different allele. Mutations can be small (such as a single nucleotide polymorphism) or large (such as entire genome duplication).
What is ultimately responsible for introducing new alleles into a population?
New alleles are introduced into a population through mutations in DNA which can occur spontaneously, typically during the process of DNA replication. Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication, exposure to environmental factors such as radiation or chemicals, or random genetic recombination during sexual reproduction.
How do lethal alleles get passed down from healthy parents to offspring?
In combination with healthy alleles. See Silent Mutations. The Lethal Aspect of the allelic mutation becomes apparent only when two defective alleles combine to form the Bi-Chromosomal Defective Variant. Phenotypic discrepancies are expected.
