If the compound contains a polyatomic ion, simply name the ion.
An ionic compound with polyatomic ions is formed through the attraction between positively charged metal ions and negatively charged polyatomic ions. Polyatomic ions are covalently bonded groups of atoms that have an overall charge, making them act as a single charged unit in the formation of ionic compounds.
Compounds with both ionic and covalent bonds contain polyatomic ions. These ions consist of more than one atom covalently bonded together and carry a net charge, making them act as single units in ionic compounds.
Polyatomic ions are named with their specific names, regardless of their overall charge. When naming an ionic compound with a polyatomic ion, the name of the cation is written first followed by the name of the anion (polyatomic ion).
Metals in ionic compounds are named by using the metal's elemental name followed by the nonmetal's name with an "-ide" ending (e.g. sodium chloride). Nonmetals in ionic compounds use the nonmetal's elemental name followed by the metal's name with an "-ide" ending (e.g. oxygen and magnesium make magnesium oxide). Polyatomic ions maintain their specific names in ionic compounds (e.g. sulfate, nitrate, carbonate).
Compounds that contain polyatomic ions include salts such as sodium nitrate (NaNO3) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3), as well as acids like sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). These compounds are formed when polyatomic ions combine with other ions or atoms to create a stable compound.
Polyatomic ions can have both ionic and covalent bonds. Ionic bonds are formed between the positively and negatively charged ions within the polyatomic ion, while covalent bonds are formed by sharing electrons between the atoms within the polyatomic ion.
Ionic compounds can be classified into different types based on the ions involved. Some common types include binary ionic compounds, which contain two elements, and polyatomic ionic compounds, which contain ions made up of multiple atoms. Additionally, there are transition metal compounds, which involve transition metal ions forming ionic bonds with other ions.
Magnesium acetate (MgC2H3O2) is ionic. Magnesium is a metal, and acetate is a polyatomic ion consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Ionic compounds form between metals and nonmetals or polyatomic ions.
The chemical name for an ionic compound with a polyatomic cation and polyatomic anion would typically be named using the names of the individual ions. The cation would be named first followed by the anion, with the ending of the anion typically changed to "-ide," similar to naming binary ionic compounds.
A polyatomic ion is charged and will form ionic bonds; for example, the sulfate ion SO42- forms many compounds, such as sodium sulfate. The bonds holding polyatomic ions together are covalent.
Polyatomic ions often occur in nature as part of salts and minerals. These ions can combine with other ions to form compounds with distinct chemical and physical properties. Additionally, polyatomic ions can be found in biological molecules such as DNA and proteins.
Polyatomic ions such as sulfate (SO4^2-), nitrate (NO3-), and phosphate (PO4^3-) can form ionic bonds with other ions to create compounds. These polyatomic ions have a charge that allows them to bond with ions of opposite charge through electrostatic attraction.