covalent bind are formed by the sharing of electrons to complete their octets or duplets respectively..........
maximum 60 octets minimum 20 octets
Octets do.
120
4
2
Leading two octets of message digest: L, To enable the recipient to determine if the correct public key (k(A) e ) was used to decrypt the message digest for authentication, by comparing this plaintext copy of the first two octets with the first two octets of the decrypted digest. These octets also serve as a 16-bit frame-check sequence for the message, for authentication and error detection.
In the Telecommunications book on Page 180. The answer is Yes it does have a fixed-length frame of 53 octets.
120 octets
IPv4 addresses have 4 octets, each octet separated by a period. For example, at this time, one of Yahoo's servers has an ip address of 67.195.160.76.
Because the octets equal to 0 and 255 are reserved
Groups of eight are often called 'octets'.