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Geologists classify rocks by looking at their chemical and mineralogical composition then at the the size and shape of their component minerals then at any texture, pattern or grain that the rocks may display. They also classify them in relation to how they were formed.
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Metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary
composition
To help them interpret rock sequence .
They classify metamorphic rocks according to their parent rock or protolith.
Geologists classify rocks based on their origin (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic), mineral composition, and texture. These three factors help geologists understand how the rock formed and the conditions it has been subjected to.
mineral composition is the minerals that the rocks are made of texture refers to the grain size (sediments or interlocking crystals) of the different components of that rock
When a rock is disturbed, it usually contains one of the following abnormalities:SlantingBendingFoldingCrackingMetamorphismor Nonconformities.If a rock layer contains none of these, then geologists classify it as undisturbed.
petrologist
A person who studies rocks, minerals, and earth's landforms is called a geologist. Geologists examine the composition, structure, and processes of the Earth's surface to better understand its history and natural resources.