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How can aberrations in the cell cycle lead to tumor formation?
The cell cycle is divided up into separate phases (S, G0, G1, M); each point of transition from one phase to another (a checkpoint) is governed by multiple proteins which serve as either "accelerators" or "brakes" for the cell cycle. These proteins are coded by chromosomes (DNA), and it is the mutation in the protein-specific DNA which creates either no protein, overactive protein, or underactive protein. IN any case, it creates a disruption to the cycle, which disturbs orderly cell growth and division. This can lead to cancer.
Why is it important for the Cell cycle to be highly regulated?
Regulation of the cell cycle prevents cell from multiplying and growing when they are not needed. In abnormal cells, they continue through the cell cycle without crucial stop and checkpoints . These checkpoints are important because this is how the cell determines if the phase before was carried out properly. Lots of cancers form because of this. Cell that proliferate through its cycle and continue to grow and grow and grow.
What is a process in which unregulated cell division occurs?
Cancer. The nuclei of the cells are very enlarged because they divide uncontrollably. The cancer cells take more nutrients than healthy somatic cells, but they don't perform any body functions.
Describe the role of checkpoints in the onset of cancer?
Cell cycle checkpoints are used by the cell to monitor and regulate the progress of the cell cycle. Checkpoints prevent cell cycle progression at specific points, allowing verification of necessary phase processes and repair of DNA damage. The cell cannot proceed to the next phase until checkpoint requirements have been met. Several checkpoints are designed to ensure that damaged or incomplete DNA is not passed on to daughter cells. Two main checkpoints exist: the G1/S checkpoint and the G2/M checkpoint. G1/S transition is a rate-limiting step in the cell cycle and is also known as restriction point. An alternative model of the cell cycle response to DNA damage has also been proposed, known as the postreplication checkpoint. p53 plays an important role in triggering the control mechanisms at both G1/S and G2/M checkpoints. Impaired spindle checkpoint function has been found in many forms of cancer. The BRCA1 tumor suppressor plays a role in the activation of human chk1, therefore the posreplication checkpoint may prevent the genetic changes that lead to cancer. Mutations in factors contributing to cell cycle arrest at the restriction point are thought to be the main contributors of cancer. hope this helps!
Do cancer cells divide?
Yes, cancer cells divide. Uncontrolled cell division is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Normally, cell division is tightly regulated by the cell cycle, a series of steps that ensure cells divide in an orderly manner to replace old or damaged cells and to support growth and development. However, cancer cells lose this regulation and can divide uncontrollably, leading to the formation of tumors. The uncontrolled division of cancer cells can result from various genetic mutations and abnormalities that disrupt the normal regulatory mechanisms of the cell cycle. These mutations can affect genes that control cell growth, cell division, DNA repair, and cell death (apoptosis). Cancer cells may also have the ability to evade signals that normally inhibit cell division, allowing them to continue dividing even when external signals would normally prompt them to stop. Moreover, cancer cells often have the ability to bypass the normal mechanisms that limit the number of times a cell can divide (known as replicative senescence), allowing them to continue dividing indefinitely. The uncontrolled division of cancer cells can lead to the formation of tumors, which can grow and invade surrounding tissues. This unregulated growth and invasion can lead to the spread of cancer to other parts of the body, a process known as metastasis. Understanding the mechanisms of cell division in cancer cells is crucial for developing effective treatments that target the specific vulnerabilities of cancer cells while minimizing harm to normal cells. Many cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy, work by interfering with various aspects of cell division and growth in cancer cells.
Can cancer result when cells are insensitive to signals that begin the cell cycle?
All cell cycle phases are regulated at cell cycle checkpoints that comprise of receptor collectivities. Defects at the checkpoint of the G1 and G2-M phases lead to cancer by allowing and enhancing the proliferation of cancer cells.
What phase in the cell cycle is likely to be dramatically shorter in a cancer cell?
The pathway controlling G1-phase growth arrest is commonly altered in cancer cells, allowing cancer cells to divide despite shortened telomeres, which can lead to the genomic instability seen in malignant cells
How can aberrations in the cell cycle lead to tumor formation?
The cell cycle is divided up into separate phases (S, G0, G1, M); each point of transition from one phase to another (a checkpoint) is governed by multiple proteins which serve as either "accelerators" or "brakes" for the cell cycle. These proteins are coded by chromosomes (DNA), and it is the mutation in the protein-specific DNA which creates either no protein, overactive protein, or underactive protein. IN any case, it creates a disruption to the cycle, which disturbs orderly cell growth and division. This can lead to cancer.
What kinds of somatic cell gene mutations can frequently lead to the first stages of cancer?
Proto-oncogene is the kind of somatic cell gene mutation that can lead to first stages of cancer. Proto-oncogene can lead to cellular transformation.
What problems can develop if the cell cycle is not controlled?
It may lead to the cell's death and may form diseases.
Why is it important for the Cell cycle to be highly regulated?
Regulation of the cell cycle prevents cell from multiplying and growing when they are not needed. In abnormal cells, they continue through the cell cycle without crucial stop and checkpoints . These checkpoints are important because this is how the cell determines if the phase before was carried out properly. Lots of cancers form because of this. Cell that proliferate through its cycle and continue to grow and grow and grow.
What role does p53 have in controlling cell division?
Cell division is regulated by the p53 gene and relates to cancer because Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell divison
How do cell phones relate to cancer?
because cell phones have a chemical frequency in them that causes energy waves that could some day lead into a long term effect or possibly cancer.
What happens to cells when virus enters it and how is the production of cancer cells being treated?
The invasion of virus began with the attachment of the virus on the targeted host cell. The virus will inject its genetic information ( either DNA or RNA, can not be both) into the cell, leaving its protein coat outside of the cell. The genetic information which is injected by the virus will take over the mechanism of the cell; the genetic material of the virus will direct the host cell to reproduce more virus and when the viruses is reproduced, it is released into the surrounding to infect other host cell. Production or the source of cancer cell is nothing related to the virus. The cancer cell is produced when there is extreme radiation, deaminating agent, base analog and acridine derivative which will affect the normal cell cycle and lead to uncontrollable cell division (mitosis) and because the cell produced has no function (it is not differentiated), it compete with other healthy, normal cell for space and food. A way to treat this cancer is to inhibit the cell cycle of the cancerous cell. One of the method is radiotherapy.
What is a process in which unregulated cell division occurs?
Cancer. The nuclei of the cells are very enlarged because they divide uncontrollably. The cancer cells take more nutrients than healthy somatic cells, but they don't perform any body functions.
Why is it important endometrium refresh each cycle?
When the endometrium is not refreshed, estrogen can cause an overgrowth of cells in the uterus, condition that can lead to cancer.
Describe the role of checkpoints in the onset of cancer?
Cell cycle checkpoints are used by the cell to monitor and regulate the progress of the cell cycle. Checkpoints prevent cell cycle progression at specific points, allowing verification of necessary phase processes and repair of DNA damage. The cell cannot proceed to the next phase until checkpoint requirements have been met. Several checkpoints are designed to ensure that damaged or incomplete DNA is not passed on to daughter cells. Two main checkpoints exist: the G1/S checkpoint and the G2/M checkpoint. G1/S transition is a rate-limiting step in the cell cycle and is also known as restriction point. An alternative model of the cell cycle response to DNA damage has also been proposed, known as the postreplication checkpoint. p53 plays an important role in triggering the control mechanisms at both G1/S and G2/M checkpoints. Impaired spindle checkpoint function has been found in many forms of cancer. The BRCA1 tumor suppressor plays a role in the activation of human chk1, therefore the posreplication checkpoint may prevent the genetic changes that lead to cancer. Mutations in factors contributing to cell cycle arrest at the restriction point are thought to be the main contributors of cancer. hope this helps!
