In most data processing, when deleting a file, it is only the file name that is deleted. This then leaves the space previously occupied by the file to be re-used. This is an inherent property of a 'file allocation table'. Importantly, to actually remove the data, one must re-write new arbitrary data over the file space many times. Seven overwrites is usually adequate.
The command for deleting a file in DOS is DEL. If the file you are trying to delete is in the current directory, type DEL followed by the full filename. E.g. del file001.txt If there are multiple files, the wildcard * can be used. del file*.txt will delete all the text files that start with 'file' del file*.* will delete all the files that start with file. del *.txt will delete all the text files. del *.* will delete all the files in the current directory. It is possible to delete files in another directory by typing the full path and filename del c:\folder01\*.* will delete all the files in the directory c:\folder01\ DEL will not affect hidden files, but careless use of this command could damage your operating system so use with care.
Each 0 or 1 is a bit (bit being short for "binary digit") a byte is 8 of these (byte being short for "binary eight")
There is not built-in 'byte' type in C, but you can define it: typedef unsigned char byte; byte bmin=0, bmax=255;
A Byte is a set of 8 bits. a Bit is an on or an off represented by a 0 or a 1
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The following function will read any valid file name one byte at a time. int read_file(char* filename) { FILE* input=fopen( filename,"rb" ); if( !input ) { std::cerr<<"File access error: "<<filename<<std::endl; return( -1 ); } char ch; while( fread( &ch, 1, 1, input )==1 ) { // process the byte... } fclose( input ); return( 0 ); }
A byte is a group of 8 bits of computer data. A bit represents either a 0 or a 1.
A byte offset, typically used to index into a string or file, is a zero-based number of bytes. For example, in the string "this is a test", the byte offset of "this" is 0, of "is" is 5,"a" is 8, and "test" is 10.Note that this is not always the same as the "character offset". Some characters, such as Chinese ideograms, require two or more bytes to represent. Using ASCII characters only will ensure that the byte offset is always equal to the character offset.
The VERIFY command cannot be used for an empty VSAM file where the high used RBA (Relative Byte Address) in its catalog record is 0 (zero).
import java.io.*; class AvgWordSent { protected static void main()throws IOException { BufferedReader in=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.print("Enter the Sentence: "); String s=in.readLine(); byte a=0,b=0; float c=0; for(byte i=0;i<s.length();i++) { if(s.charAt(i)==' ') a++; } String w[]=new String[a+1]; for(byte i=0;i<=a;i++) w[i]=""; for(byte i=0;i<s.length();i++) { if(s.charAt(i)==' ') { b++; continue; } w[b]+=s.charAt(i); } b++; for(byte i=0;i<=a;i++) c+=w[i].length(); System.out.print("Average no. of words= "+(c/b)); } }
97 = 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1