The techniques include End-system flow control, Network congestion control, Network based congestion avoidance and Resource allocation.
It don't control congestion that is up to the routers and gateways as they are the ones that look at the traffic and figure out the best way to send something over the internet.
TCP-Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) is a congestion control mechanism designed for unicast flows operating in an Internet environment and competing with TCP traffic. The goal is to compete fairly with TCP traffic on medium timescales, but to be much less variable than TCP on short timescales.[wiki]
No, TCP is responsible for reliable transport delivery. It doesn't know about network congestion (other than flow control caused by ICMP messages).
the station window size the congestion window memory buffers receipt acknowledgement
Because TCP does far more things than UDP. UDP does not do flow control or congestion control or guarantee in-order and reliable packet delivery. TCP does all those things therefore it needs more functionality.
The three major components of the TCP congestion-control algorithm are slow start, congestion avoidance, and fast recovery. Slow Start: This phase begins with a small congestion window (cwnd) size, typically starting at one segment, and increases exponentially with each acknowledgment received, allowing the sender to probe the network capacity. Congestion Avoidance: Once the congestion window reaches a certain threshold (ssthresh), TCP transitions to this phase, where it increases the window size linearly to avoid overwhelming the network, thereby reducing the likelihood of congestion. Fast Recovery: This mechanism kicks in after packet loss is detected (usually through duplicate acknowledgments), allowing TCP to quickly reduce the congestion window and retransmit lost packets without returning to the slow start phase, thus improving overall efficiency.
TCP uses congestion control mechanisms such as slow start, congestion avoidance, and fast retransmit to ensure fairness among competing connections by sharing available network bandwidth proportionally. Through dynamically adjusting its sending rate based on network conditions, TCP strives to ensure that all connections have an equal chance of utilizing the network resources.
SCTP is a protocol that has the ability to deliver functionality that is similar to TCP. Like TCP, an SCTP session can be configured to offer ordered, guaranteed, delivery with congestion control and a notion of a session. It differs in that it offers other features and has an implementation that is not directly compatible with TCP; both peers' network stacks and applications will also need to support SCTP.
Tcp is a transport layer protocol which provides end to end delivery in sequence of byte stream. It is a reliable connection oriented protocol. To provide the reliable and correct data tcp performs various function in which one is "Flow control". In flow control function tcp handle timeout and retransmission of missed/duplicate packets. Time out and retransmission is a function performed to handle the congestion.
Congestion control mechanisms are tools that control how backed up a substance may get. Traffic congestion control mechanisms can be stop lights, for example.
at the network layer, congestion control mechanism takes place
The process of a TCP server is to receive TCP connections and handling the data correctly. The letters TCP in TCP server stands for transmission control protocol.