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The quick easy way is to look at the group number on the Periodic Table however all transition metals have 2 and Copper and Chromium are exeptions, but that works 98% of the time. To get it right 100% of the time, study a chemistry book chapter on the properties of electrons.

Ex) nitrogen(N) is in group 5 so it has 5 valence electrons

flourine(F) is inn group 7 so it has 7 valence electrons

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