It's a 'high density' foam, which moulds itself to the ear canal. The density of the foam, coupled with the snug fit in the ear, limits the volume of sound reaching the eardrum.
you can put head phones in or ear muffs or you could just not the loud sound in the first place
To protect their ears and hearing from getting damaged by loud noises.
A soft case will protect a camera from being damaged if it were to fall. It can also protect sensitive lenses from scratches.
The ear drum.
anything
Earmuffs used for cold temperatures protect your ears, by keeping them warm. Because ears are sticking out from the rest of your body, they are susceptible to being damaged from frost-bite, and in severe cases, could even fall off. Earmuffs used for sound protect your ears from loud noises, that could burst your eardrum and/or make you deaf.
Ear defenders protect your ears by absorbing the sound and fizzling it out
You can damage the tympanic membrane (ear drum).
the eardrum protect the middle and inner ear.
After the explosion that left her ear damaged, she had a new ear...but that was really it.
I think it is the ear drum but there may be more technical names for it.