What are the features used to identify homologous pairs of chromosomes?

Answer 1

they derive from a common ancestor. a homology is a "structural correspondence".

Homology among proteins and DNA is often concluded on the basis of sequence similarity, especially in bioinformatics. For example, in general, if two or more genes have highly similar DNA sequences, it is likely that they are homologous. But sequence similarity may also arise without common ancestry: short sequences may be similar by chance, and sequences may be similar because both were selected to bind to a particular protein, such as a transcription factor. Such sequences are similar but not homologous.

Answer 2

1. Banding pattern – the size and location of Giemsa bands on chromosomes make each chromosome pair unique
2. Centromere position – centromeres are regions in chromosomes that appear as a constriction. They have a special role in the separation of chromosomes into daughter cells during mitosis cell division

Answer 3

Homologous chromosomes are identified by two main characteristics viz, size and position of the centromere.

Homologous chromosomes always have the same size. According to the position of the centromere, they may be acrocentric, metacentric, sub-metacentric and telocentric.

Answer 4

Homologues are chromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern with genes for the same characteristics at corresponding locations. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's mother, the other from the organism's father during sexual reproduction. The crossing over, or synapse, occurs during meiosis, which is the process of exchanging genetic material for recessive or dominant genes between the two homologous chromosomes for better genetic combinations in the formation of gamets.

Answer 5

Homologous chromosomes look alike & they have the same length & centromere position.