That's an interesting question! It would be very close to the sun, closer than Mercury with its 88 day orbit. The mass of this planet would come into play, but a rough estimate based on the other planets orbits would place it at around 30 million km from the sun, where mercury is 58 million km from the sun.
We certainly hope not! If Mars were to be disturbed from its orbit to approach the Earth so closely, it would probably destroy the Earth as well. No, Mars will remain in its orbit and the Earth will remain in OUR orbit, and with any luck, the planets will never meet.
Without the planets orbiting the sun all the planets would be cold and dark
You'd have a geocentric system.
The Earth and Mars are massive enough, and their orbits are close enough together, that any object orbiting between them would have its orbit distorted, and eventually it would either be absorbed by one of these planets or it would be ejected to a different orbit. However, there are some asteroids in this range.
around what? if its earth then it would rotate on its axis and and if ur talkin bout the revolution then if it is before earth (Venus, Mercury) then it wouldn't orbit around earth they would only orbit the sun and Venus would orbit mercury. and all of the planets after earth (Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, others) they would orbit the sun and all the planets before them. but all planets rotate on their axis but it may take shorter or longer time to rotate once than how long it takes for earth to rotate on its axis once.
Without the suns pull of gravity, the Earth and any other planet would move in a straight line. It is the sun that forces the planets to move in an orbit.
I guess that would be Mars, which has an orbit outside the Earth's orbit. The first four planets have solid cores, while the four outer planets are gas giants.
Yes. However, the orbits of all planets are elliptical. Some planets, like Earth, have a very low "eccentricity", which is a measure of how non-circular they are. Earth's orbit is not quite circular, but fairly close. Other planets, like Mars, have more eccentric orbits, and their perihelion and aphelion distances are substantially different.
No. Dwarf planets orbit stars just like planets do. Stars orbit the center of their galaxy. An object orbiting a planet would be a moon.
Not all the planets orbit the sun - other stars have planets too. But all the planets in our solar system, which is the system of our sun, revolve around the sun; otherwise they would be in other solar systems. All the planets we can see with our naked eye orbit the sun, since the planets orbiting the sun are the only ones close enough to earth to see without a telescope.
If the Earth did not orbit the Sun, it would travel off into space in a straight line due to inertia. This would disrupt the balance of gravitational forces in the solar system, potentially affecting the orbits of other planets as well. Ultimately, Earth would freeze in the cold vacuum of space without the Sun's warmth and light.
Most moons orbit close enough to their planets that the planet's gravity would render any orbit around a moon unstable in the long term.