A mineral is any chemical compound with a constant chemical composition, which of course is the definition of a "pure substance".
In earth science you might be distinguishing between "rock" and "mineral". A mineral is a pure substance. A rock is a mixture of two or more minerals in various proportions.
For instance, the rock granite is made up of three minerals: quartz, feldspar and biotite (mica).
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how might you decide whether a given substance is a mineral
how might you decide whether a given substance is a mineral
how might you decide whether a given substance is a mineral
A reagent is a chemical substance that reacts with some other substance. It is common to add a specific reagent to an unknown substance to determine whether or not the substance that the particular reagent reacts to is present. (For example, add a reagent for sugar to test for the presence of sugar.)
No, being attracted to magnets is not a characteristic of minerals. Minerals are defined by their natural, inorganic solid structure with a specific chemical composition and ordered internal arrangement. Magnetism is a physical property that some minerals may exhibit, but it alone does not determine whether a substance is a mineral.
You can test the unknown crystalline substance by performing a taste test (table salt is salty), checking its solubility in water (table salt dissolves easily), and conducting a flame test (table salt will produce a yellow flame).
Benedict's solution
To determine the hardness of an unknown mineral with a hardness between 5 and 9, you can perform a scratch test using various reference minerals or materials with known hardness values from the Mohs scale. Start by testing the unknown mineral against a mineral with a hardness of 5, such as apatite, and gradually work your way up to harder minerals, like quartz (7) and topaz (8), until you observe whether the unknown mineral can scratch or be scratched by them. This will help you narrow down its hardness range more precisely. Additionally, using tools like a hardness kit with standardized materials can offer a more accurate assessment.
Solubility can be used to identify an unknown substance by comparing its solubility characteristics to known solubility data of various compounds. By dissolving the unknown in different solvents and observing whether it dissolves, one can narrow down its identity based on solubility trends. Additionally, measuring the solubility at different temperatures can provide further insights, as some substances exhibit temperature-dependent solubility changes. Ultimately, matching the solubility behavior with known standards can help confirm the identity of the unknown substance.
The two factors that determine the state of a substance are temperature and pressure. These factors influence whether a substance exists as a solid, liquid, or gas.