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James Monroe (the 6th US President) had been Secretary of State under the 5th President, James Madison, during the War of 1812. He was also Secretary of War for six months after the war's end before resuming the State position. Both of Madison's Vice Presidents, George Clinton and Elbridge Gerry, had died in office.

In 1816, Monroe ran as a candidate for the Democratic-Republican party (known then as ''Republicans'') against a disorganized and factional Federalist party. Since the Federalists had opposed the War of 1812, they were generally unpopular. Monroe's only opponent was the little-known Rufus King of New York, who won only three states for a total of 34 electoral votes to Monroe's 183.

In 1820, Monroe topped that by running absolutely unopposed, the only President to do so other than George Washington.

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15y ago

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