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The word Republic comes from the Latin words res=things and public=in common. It pictured a society where all the citizens shared in the benefits of the city-state.

When the Patricians - the upper class - ousted the kings, they naturally took control, leaving the mostly small farmer Plebeians as their subjects ruled by a patrician Senate.

The Plebs refused to accept this and walked out of Rome, leaving the particians to fend for themselves. As the plebs manned the army, the city was defenceless, and as they also produced most of the foodstuffs, this was yet another insurmountable problem for the Patricians.

The Patricians negotiated a settlement, which allotted one of the two annual consulships to the Plebs. As retiring consuls became senators, this gave the Plebs a growing share in the Senate.

There were also established three Assemblies - the Centuriate (members of the army), the Tribal (landholders big and small) and the Plebeian (Plebs only, no Patricians), each with different matters which they voted on. And to sew it up, the there were the ten Tribunes of the Plebs who could introduce laws into the Senate, and had veto power in the Senate, and these also became senators after their year of office. The power of the Plebs grew, and the Republic became a democracy.

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