How did citizenship help unite the roman empire?

Answer 1

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman Empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.

Answer 2

Caracalla's extension of Roman citizenship to all freeborn men in the empire (in 212 AD) did not have a great effect on the unity of the empire. Although it elevated the legal status of the non-Romans, the purpose of this measure was to increase Caracalla's tax revenue base. Non-Romans were exempt from most of the taxes imposed on Roman citizens. With the acquisition of Roman citizenship they had to pay these taxes.

Prior to the extension of Roman citizenship, the non-Romans in the empire already enjoyed the protections provided by Roman civil law even though they were not Roman citizens. This was through the ius gentium (law of nations). This was a concept that the principles of justice originated from the human mind (and not from ethnicity) and that, therefore, the non-Romans in the empire were entitled to justice. Litigation cases between Romans and non-Romans were adjudicated by the praetor peregrino (the chief justice for foreigners) who issued his rulings of the basis of Roman law and was meant to abide by the principle of justice and fairness.

Prior to the extension of Roman citizenship the empire had already developed a sense of unity. The factors which were involved were: the empire had already been around for quite a while and the conquered peoples had got used to it; the Romans allowed the other ethnic groups to worship their religions, follow their customs and use their traditional laws at the local level; trade around the empire encouraged the exchange of ideas and customs as well as that of goods (the empire developed into a multicultural entity) and the spread of prosperity; the establishment of Roman settlements around the empire contributed to the Latinisation of the conquered people; the emperors encouraged the spread of an imperial ideology which promoted a sense of unity in the empire.

Answer 3

Language and law helped to unite the many different citizens of the Roman empire. In a more solid sense, the roads connected the various provinces to Rome.