she eliminated the exam requirement for high-ranking officials
civil service examinations are examinations implemented in various countries.
civil service examinations are examinations implemented in various countries.
Arthur Alena has written: 'How to pass civil service examinations' -- subject(s): Civil service, Examinations
Empress Wu Zetian established civil service examinations to create a meritocratic system that allowed individuals to be selected for government positions based on their abilities rather than their aristocratic backgrounds. This reform aimed to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the bureaucracy by ensuring that capable and educated candidates filled important roles. Additionally, it helped to consolidate her power by reducing the influence of noble families and promoting loyalty to the central government. The examinations also fostered a culture of learning and scholarship in Chinese society.
Sheshadri.k. Iyer
Edwin Riemer has written: 'A course in transcription (an intensive course combining advanced typewriting, English, and dictation)' -- subject(s): Commercial correspondence, Exercises for dictation, Shorthand, Typewriting 'Barron's how to prepare for civil service examinations (Federal, State, city)' -- subject(s): Civil service, Examinations, Study guides 'Barron's how to prepare for civil service examinations' -- subject(s): Civil service, Examinations, Study guides
Civil Service Commission.
The Civil Service reformers were Democrats who demanded competitive examinations to create and honest civil service, that would exclude immigrants and political bosses.
Confucianism
the first country to commence competitive examination in civil services
Pendleton Civil Service
Confucianism