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The Federalist Party believed in a strong national (federal) government with powers over the state governments. The Democratic-Republicans believed that states should have more power than the national government. This is known as the States' Rights theory.
the two most important principles of democratic theory are majority rule and minority rights.
The Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans did not consider the Alien and Sedition Acts, enacted during Adams' administration, to be constitutional. Jefferson and Madison advocated states' rights in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions. John C. Calhoun's Theory of Nullification, the South's justification for declaring independence from the US, also advocates states' rights. The argument of the States' Rights theory is that the Constitution is a compact between states, not between people. The states created the national government and gave it only limited power. States' Rights supporters believe that the state is closest to the citizen and can better reflect their wishes. Jefferson argued that the states have the right to declare an act of congress void.
The Theory of States Rights states that the rights of the state supersedes those of the nation, that the state is part of the Union of its own will and may secede from it when it pleased.
United States does not believe in the divine right theory. According to the doctrine of the divine rights theory, only God is the one who can judge a king. During the glorious revolution, United States abandoned the divine rights theory.
Nullification
The pluralist theory of democracy suggests that diverse groups in society compete for power and influence, leading to democratic governance where decision-making is decentralized. This theory aligns with the development of democratic states as they promote participation and representation of various interests.
The First Political Parties Belief DifferencesThe FederalistsStrong national governmentFear of mob ruleLoose construction (interpretation) of the ConstitutionFavored a national bankEconomy based on manufacturing and shippingThe Democratic-RepublicanLimited national governmentFear of rule by one person or a powerful fewStrict construction (interpretation) of the ConstitutionOpposed national bankEconomy based on farming
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They justified secession with the theory of states' rights.
States' Rights is the theory that state and local government's actions and laws in dealing with social and economic problems are supreme to federal actions and laws. The theory goes back to the founding of our nation. Jefferson and Madison advocated states' rights in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions. John C. Calhoun's Theory of Nullification, the South's justification for declaring independence from the US, also advocates states' rights. The argument of the States' Rights theory is that the Constitution is a compact between states, not between people. The states created the national government and gave it only limited power. States' Rights supporters believe that the state is closest to the citizen and can better reflect their wishes.
They said the original Union was a collection of states that had joined it voluntarily, and were therefore equally free to quit.