The way I understand it, there wasn't "black darkness"; the early Universe was very hot, and therefore very bright. However, there was a time when the Universe was opaque (i.e., not transparent); when the temperature went below about 3000 kelvin, it started to become transparent.
Primordial black holes are theoretical black holes that could have formed in the early universe. They are thought to be small and have a wide range of masses. If they exist, they could have implications for dark matter, gravitational waves, and the evolution of the universe.
The early universe transitioned from being incredibly hot to its current lower temperature through a process called cosmic cooling. This involved the expansion of the universe, which caused it to cool down over time. As the universe expanded, the energy from the hot early universe spread out, leading to a decrease in temperature. Additionally, the formation of structures such as galaxies and stars also played a role in cooling down the universe by converting energy into light and heat.
Without an early presence of black holes, it is impossible for galaxies to have formed. No galaxies, no heavy elements near Main Sequence Stars. No such elements near stable stars, no rocky planets that have the time to develop life. No life, no observers. So, black holes are "fundamental" in the sense that a Universe without them would be a Universe without anyone to recognize that there were no black holes!
None, the early universe was nearly homogeneous.
In the early universe there was only Hydrogen and Helium (and a smidgen of Lithium).
A quasar is a highly energetic and distant galaxy with a supermassive black hole at its center. The gravitational pull of the black hole causes surrounding matter to emit intense light and radiation, making quasars one of the brightest objects in the universe. They are important for studying the early universe and processes involving black holes.
That means, the Universe in its early stages of development.
it was more improved than the early transition metals....and in late transition the perodic table was complety done
The concept of a false vacuum emerges from quantum field theory and cosmology as a possible state in the early universe that is not its lowest energy state. It is theorized that the false vacuum could undergo a phase transition to a lower energy state, leading to significant changes in the structure of the universe.
The matter-radiation equality refers to a time in the early universe when the energy density of matter and radiation were equal. This equality had a significant impact on the evolution of the universe because it marked a transition point where matter began to dominate over radiation, leading to the formation of structures like galaxies and clusters. This shift in dominance influenced the overall expansion and structure formation of the universe.
The existence of primordial black holes could challenge current theories about the formation and evolution of the universe. They could provide insights into dark matter, the early universe, and the nature of gravity. Further research is needed to fully understand their implications.
The early vs. late transition metals differ in their oxidation states (each metal has different possible oxidation states). Electrons have a stronger attraction to the protons in the late transition metals, so the later transition metals form bonds that are harder to break. You can read more about transition metal properties from the links below.Source(s):