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Caesar's affair with Cleopatra was a scandal in Rome because he was married to another woman Calpurnia Pisonis. However, this was not a big problem for Caesar. Affairs between aristocrats were tolerated and they were mainly an occasion for gossip. Caesar himself was a philanderer and had affairs with many marries women, including the wives of his closest allies. It was even rumoured that he had a homosexual relationship with the king of Bithynia.

However, Caesar had a golden statue of Cleopatra as the Egyptian god Isis erected in the temple of Venus Genitrix which he had built for the religious cult based on his own person he had established. This did not go down well. Cicero said that he hated this foreign queen.

Caesar was also criticised when he took Arsinoe VI of Egypt to Rome and forced her to appear in his triumph. Arsinoe was Cleopatra's younger sister and co-regent. When Caesar was in Alexandria (the capital of Egypt) he took he took Cleopatra's side in the conflict between her and Ptolemy XIII, her brother, husband and co-regent. He got caught in a civil war. Arsinoe organised a resistance against Caesar and Cleopatra. Her troops besieged Caesar in the Pharos (lighthouse) of Alexandria. Caesar escaped by throwing himself in the sea. He got out of this tight spot only WHEN Mithridates I, king of Bithynia (in northwester Turkey) and Antipater I, king of Judaea came to relieve him with their armies. During fake peace negotiations with the Egyptians, Caesar agreed to swap Ptolemy for Arsinoe.

The crowd was disgusted at seeing a queen brought in the arena in chain and in a cage. Caesar got a mock of the Pharos of Alexandria placed in the arena as a revenge for Arsinoe having him trapped in the Pharos. It was custom for prominent prisoners in triumphs to be strangled at the end of the celebrations. The outraged crowd called for Arsinoe to be spared. Caesar complied and exiled her to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus (on the western coast of Turkey) which gave sanctuary to exiles and political refugees.

Despite the above, Caesar's affair with Cleopatra and entanglements with her family, damaged Caesar's political standing only marginally.

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