through convection currents
The single land mass is called Pangaea. It was the supercontinent that existed about 300 million years ago before breaking apart into the continents we know today.
Australia and Antarctica are the only continents located on their own, separate landmasses and are referred to as island continents because they do not touch any other continent. North and South America are located on a single landmass (America). Europe, Asia, and Africa are located on a single landmass (Afro-Eurasia).
Today, the continents of South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, the Indian subcontinent, and the Arabian Peninsula were part of Gondwana land.
The continents began to separate around 175 million years ago during the Jurassic period. This process of continental drift eventually led to the formation of the current continental configuration we see today.
The inference is that both continents were once one single land-mass.
I think you are referring to Pangaea. Pangaea was the gigantic single continent that broke into the continents we have today. See the Related Link below for the Wikipedia entry.
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When continents break apart into separate land masses, it is called continental drift or plate tectonics. This process is driven by the movement of the Earth's lithospheric plates.
The total land area of Pangaea was roughly 30% larger than the total land area of all continents today. Pangaea was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras, before breaking apart into separate landmasses due to tectonic plate movements.
continental drift
Continental Drift