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They used wheeled ploughs, drawn by 6-8 oxen.

The heavy ploughs were needed after the Roman Iron Age farmers had completely depleted all the land. The Iron Age villages would move every 150 years or so to a new place, burn the forest and cultivate the land - using light ploughs, ards, which could only till the soil to a shallow depth. The result was that eventually the land was depleted and a hard layer of "al", a deposit created at a certain depth from iron washed out of the soil, had formed. And the village moved.

At the beginning of the Viking Age, the entire country of Denmark had turned into a desert - sandy moors. Thus, the vikings had to till deeper, move to the Coastlines (Vik-ing = Fjord Dweller) and seek new land.

Indeed, the name Denmark (Danmark) may mean the "Fields turned into desert". Dani = dhánuṣ (Sanskrit) = desert, mark = field.

The name emerges at the end of the Iron Age.

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Q: How did the vikings plow there fields?
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