They use complicated trigonometry and mathematics.
It's distance
Parallax is the method that astronomers use to measure the distance from the sun to the earth.
Distance.
With a long measuring tape.
Astronomers use a method called parallax to measure the distance to nearby stars. Astronomers can measure parallax by measuring the position of a nearby star with respect to the distant stars behind it. Then, they measure the same stars again six months later when the Earth is on the opposite side of its orbit.
Astronomers use the unit of measure "Light Years" to calculate the distance between pretty much anything in the Universe.
Astronomers have decided that Pluto does not meet the definition of a planet.
Usually light-years, or parsecs.
When exploring space, astronomers use astronomical units, (AU) to measure the distance from one object to another. Since every distance from one object in our solar system to another object in our solar system, the distance of a planet from the sun would be measured in astronomical units
Astronomers think Pluto is a dwarf planet. And they're right.
How do they measure what?
No. It was categorised as a dwarf planet in 2006, but not all astronomers agree with that decision.