Basically, its the shape of the embryos of vertebrates. If the shape of the embryos are similar, that means they evolved from a common ancestor.
More specifically, it's the pattern of nested hierarchies that is found when one compares the embryological developmentof species. Also, developmental atavisms, such as the branchial arches in human embryos, are important clues telling us about our ancestry.
All vertebrate embryos look roughly the same, showing that they come from a common ancestor.
Related species have similar embryos.
stoned monkeys rule the world
this is because they have a link with early ancestors of similar structure.
The stages of development of the embryos of certain organisms are extremely similar, a fact that suggests the organisms had common ancestors.
Embryology is used in evolution because its shows a common ansetor. For example, a human and fi sh have similar embryos. Both embryos have pharyngeal slits. In a fish those develop into gills. In humans those turn into our ears.
evolution from a distant common ancestor
Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny, or the development of the individual summarizes the evolution of the species. For example, human embryos go through a stage in which they develop gills as did their aquatic forerunners.
Rudolf A. Raff has written: 'Embryos, genes, and evolution' -- subject(s): Embryology, Developmental genetics, Evolution, Evolution (Biology) 'Development As an Evolutionary Process' 'The shape of life' -- subject(s): Evolutionary genetics
The morphology of embryos at various stages, and even the developmental patterns of embryos, show the same pattern of nested hierarchies that we find in morphology, behaviour and genomes, independently confirming common descent, but also teaching us how morphologies could diverge through relatively minor genetic shuffling.
Short answer: it isn't. In fact, it is very easy to demonstrate evolution in a laboratory, or anywhere else for that matter. All one needs is a population of organisms with a short lifecycle and a notebook. Simply count how often a number of inherited traits occur in the population, and then repeat that count a number of generations later, and you'll have demonstrated evolution.
No. Both are birds and their wings are a derived trait common to all birds. The wings of penguins and bats display convergent evolution.