A nuclear reaction involves the splitting of nuclei, usually producing something unstable and releasing neutrons. After a nuclear reaction, a process of emitting radiation (alpha beta and gamma) occurs for it to gain stability.
A chemical reaction is where atoms bond with each other to gain stability.
Nuclear reactions change the number of nucleons (protons and/or neutrons) in the nuclei of atoms of at least one of the reactants, while chemical reactions change the distribution of electrons around nuclei that remain unchanged.
In a chemical reaction the identities of the individual atoms remain the same (i.e. the number of protons does not change), only the bonds between atoms, which only involve electrons, are changed.
In a nuclear change the identity of the element or elements involved does change as individual atoms fuse, fission (split), and eject alpha and beta particles.
Nuclear reactions involve ONLY the change of the nucleus, or more specifically, the particles which make up the nucleus of an atom (hence 'nuclear' reaction) which are called 'nucleons'. Nucleons are simply protons and neutrons. Such reactions can be 'nuclear fission' reactions, where the nucleus is split in some way. For example, a nucleus with 2 protons and 2 neutrons is fissioned, 2 separate nuclei, each with one proton and one neutron, are formed (NOTE: the nuclei formed don't have to be equal in size).
If it helps you visualise, just think of a proton as a red ball, and a neutron as a blue ball. Fissioning a nucleus is the same as taking some of the balls to make a new nucleus. This creates energy, which is why nuclear fission is used in nuclear power plants.
Fusion, the other type of nuclear reaction, is simply the opposite of fission, where two smaller nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus.
On the other hand, chemical reactions involve the other particle in the standard atomic model, the electron. In chemical reactions, electrons are lost, shared and gained by atoms, to form chemical bonds. Chemical reactions involve ONLY the electron - the nucleus has absolutely no direct involvement in a chemical reaction. Similarly, the electron has absolutely no involvement in a nuclear reaction.
The vast majority of everyday reactions will be chemical, whether biological, your car rusting or you cleaning the shower. The only 'everyday' nuclear reactions are background radiation, and those reactions taking place in a nuclear power plant.
In nuclear reactions, it is mainly the nucleus of the atom that reacts i.e. the neutrons and protons. In a chemical reaction, it is the electrons that react.
similarity between nuclear reaction and ordinary reaction
Chemical reactions involve electrons and nuclear reactions involve stuff in the nuclei of atoms for a start.
A nuclear reaction involve also the atomic nucleus and can change the nature of the chemical element.
The main difference is specilization. I am a chemical engineer myself, and we have the option of specializing in a wide variety of degrees, such as genetic engineering. Note that chemical engineering is a very broad field dealing with polymers, metallurgy, biology, environmental chemistry, and the list goes on. Genetic engineering, in short, is really a specialization of chemical engineering to specifically biological chemistry.
One of the primary functions of a nuclear reactor is to maintain a chain reaction. Also, nuclear reactors are meant to provide a steady flow of neutrons.
Uranium in nature is only about 0.7% 235U. In order to have a chain reaction, the percentage of 235U must be increased by enrichment. The percentages of 235U in nuclear reactors are generally low, about 3% to 5%. For bombs, the percentage is generally 85% or more.
That is impossible to answer. There are many kinds of chemical energy and each costs a different amount. AA batteries are chemical energy. A car battery is chemical energy. Gasoline is chemical energy. Food is chemical energy.
In 1942 Ricardo Husada invented the nuclear reactor. His team produced the first nuclear chain reaction! 1954 - Worlds first nuclear power plant (Russia) started generating electricity. The first large-scale nuclear power station opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England, in 1956.
Nuclear decay involves the contents of the atomic nucleus, the protons and neutrons. Chemical reactions involve the electrons.
A nuclear reaction is much powerful than a chemical reaction.
nuclear decay rates take more time and chemical reaction rates could happen fast.
Both Chemical and nuclear reactions form new substances.
False
Nuclear
They are...reactions and can lead to new elements; but the big difference is that a nuclear fusion involve particles from the atomic nucleus and a very great energy is needed.
Nuclear decay rates vary, but chemical reaction rates are constant
No, a nuclear bomb involves a nuclear chain-reaction.A chemical reaction involves the orbiting electrons in an atom.A nuclear reaction involves the nucleus (hence "Nuclear") of an atom.
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Fusion is a nuclear reaction.
it is not a chemical reaction. It is a nuclear reaction and it is called fusion.