Different chemicals emit and absorb light at various wavelengths. Astronomers can look at the wavelength of light coming from stars and determine which chemicals must be present.
the light radiated from the stars
Yes
The color of a star does not directly determine its age. Red stars are large and a little less hot then the Sun. Scientists can use the color of a star to determine its heat and then using that and its mass determine how old it is.
The answer is long and complicated, and it is too long to place here. You need to read an entire encyclopedia articles on spectroscopy and the chemical composition of intersteller objects. D.A.W.
They actually don't. All the stars are moving. However, they are so far away that the movement is imperceptible by someone, even in their lifetime. So to us, they appear to be the same. Scientists that study them can determine that they are moving though.
the light radiated from the stars
determine which stars are gravitationally bound to each other
Light wavelength and light spectrum i believe.
Scientists can learn the composition of a star from the amount and types of electromagnetic radiation, including light, that it gives off. Additionally, scientists can determine the rate of nuclear fusion from the amount of light released per unit of time.
To determine the chemical composition of stars, scientists look at what's called the emission spectrum of the stars, which can be obtained from the light coming from the stars. Thin lines are observed in different parts of the spectrum, which correspond to different chemicals. In other words, the lines are like fingerprints of chemicals. By looking at these fingerprints, one can determine what type of chemicals are present in the star. To determine the surface temperature of stars, we use the Wien's Law. It states that: Peak wavelength x Surface Temperature = 2.898x10-3 Peak wavelength can be determined by looking at the light coming from the star in question. It is the wavelength with the highest intensity.
Yes
The color of a star does not directly determine its age. Red stars are large and a little less hot then the Sun. Scientists can use the color of a star to determine its heat and then using that and its mass determine how old it is.
Scientists study stellar spectra to learn about their properties such as temperature, chemical composition and relative chemical abundances, radial velocity, rotational speed etc.
The purpose of stellar spectroscopy is to determine the chemical composition of stars, the temperature and some other characteristcs..
Our Sun is about 70% Hydrogen and 28% Helium by mass, with traces of heavier elements. Other stars can be a little different, but with a spectrometer, scientists are able to determine the elements that are present in any star.
Some time after the first stars lit off, so about 13.5 billion years ago.
The answer is long and complicated, and it is too long to place here. You need to read an entire encyclopedia articles on spectroscopy and the chemical composition of intersteller objects. D.A.W.