They have been located and identified as such by astronomical techniques.
You can find the names of some 260 different stars with planets circling them here: http://exoplanet.eu/
Yes. To date scientists have discovered well over a thousand planets orbiting other stars. It is believe that a large portion of the stars in the night sky have planets.
Yes. As of August 2015 scientists have discovered nearly 2,000 planets orbiting other stars.
The planets are considered moving around the sun, even though the sun moves too (in tiny circles opposite the planets' motions). The planets are circling the sun. The sun (dragging the planets along with it) is circling our galaxy's center. Our galaxy (dragging the sun, the planets, and all the other stars) is moving through the universe as well.
Scientists (astronomers) can and have seen planets going round stars other than our own Sun.See related link below.
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Scientists have discovered at least 1000 exoplanets - planets that orbit other stars. So far, our telescopes aren't good enough to detect planets around distant stars, but the many planets discovered so far indicate that planets are probably circling a substantial percentage of the trillion-plus stars in our galaxy.
In our solar system, the planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are more massive. There are over 300 extra-solar planets known to be circling other stars; in most cases, only very massive planets can be detected at such ranges. It is likely that other smaller planets also exist, but we have no indication of that so far.
Currently scientists are finding many new planets every year orbiting other stars.
It is very important to show the location of the planets accurately. This is so scientists can determine the positioning of other bodies such as asteroids, stars, etc.
Both new planets and stars are being formed. Scientists are actually watching the formation of planets and keeping track of which ones would be able to support life.
Our solar system has a sun in the middle, planets circling the sun, moons circling the planets, and asteroids circling the sun. There are also comets circling the sun in a much larger orbit than the planets.