by peristalsis which is the rhythmic, involuntary contraction of the smooth muscles in the walls of digestive organs.
Pyloric and cardiac sphincters .
There are two sphincters, one at the end of the esophagus / top of the stomach, and the second at the bottom of the stomach / beginning of the small intestines, which keep digestive contents moving downward through the beginning of the digestive tract.
Sphincters (circular muscles)
Circular muscles are called sphincters, there are many different sphincter muscles in the human body.
Proper rings are only formed by smooth mucle and are called sphincters. NB not all sphoncters are proper ring.
Sphincters
Sphincters
sphincters
Peristalsis is the contraction of smooth muscles that cause food to move throughout the digestive tract.
sphincters
If you're referring to sphincters "guarding" entrances and exits, it means that these specific muscles close the structure to prevent backflow of body fluid. Ex: there is a sphincter between the esophagus and the stomach that "guards" the entrance to prevent the very acidic gastric juice from entering the esophagus and damaging the lining. The muscles around the eye and mouth can also be considered sphincters.
It is 'lined' by many muscles at many points, including circular muscles, longitudinal muscles etc. No single muscle, or single type of muscle, lines it.