The pull of one atom is slightly stronger,or weaker than the pull of the other atom.
When the difference of the electronegativity between the atoms is significant the molecule is less or more polar.
H2O is a polar covalent molecule. It forms covalent bonds between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms, but due to the unequal sharing of electrons, the oxygen atom becomes slightly negative while the hydrogen atoms become slightly positive, leading to a polar molecule.
A polar covalent compound is a compound consisting of molecules which have regions of positive and negative charge due to the covalent bonding between atoms. The atom with a greater charged nucleus ( atoms with greater proton number) will attract the shared electrons causing them to move closer to the nucleus which will make this slightly negatively charged due to the negative electrons. The atom which the shared electrons has moved away from ( atoms with smaller proton number) will become slightly positively charged.
A polar covalent bond. Slightly positive on one end and slightly negative on the other, but overall a neutral molecule.
Ammonia is a polar covalent molecule. It consists of three atoms - one nitrogen and three hydrogen atoms - bound together by polar covalent bonds, where electrons are unevenly shared between atoms, resulting in a slightly negative charge on the nitrogen atom and slightly positive charges on the hydrogen atoms.
In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons. If one atom is more electronegative, it can pull the shared electrons closer to itself, giving it a slightly negative charge, while the other atom, with less electronegativity, can become slightly positive as the electrons are closer to the more electronegative atom. This creates a dipole moment in the molecule.
A Polar Covalent bond
A polar covalent bond occurs between atoms that do not share electrons equally. In this type of bond, one atom has a slightly more negative charge while the other has a slightly more positive charge due to differences in electronegativity.
No, nitrogen does not become a negative ion before bonding. Nitrogen typically forms covalent bonds, in which it shares electrons with other atoms.
Polar Bond: A type of covalent bond between two atoms in which electrons are shared unequally. Because of this, one end of the molecule has a slightly negative charge and the other a slightly positive charge. Credit to: Wikipedia Resource
(apex!) the electronegativities of the two atoms are NOT equal.
Electronegativity= the ability of an atom to attract a pair of electrons in a covalent bondSo the electrons will be drawn towards the more electronegative atom, causing this atom to become slightly negative (δ-) and the less electronegative atom to become slightly positive (δ+), so the bond is polarised.