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Stars rise and set at night much like the sun does during the day due to the rotation of the earth on its axis.

Observing the fixed position of the stars relative to the moon on any given night suggests that rotation of the earth around its axis is smooth and consistent suggesting strongly that the rotation at the observers latitude is in a circular motion about this axis.

Repeating this observation from many latitudes you could infer that the earth is roughly spherical in shape.

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