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Above absolute zero atoms vibrate. At higher temperatures the crystal structure tends to have vacancies, where atoms are missing. This allows adjacent atoms to move into the vacancy, effectively resulting in movement of both vacancy and atoms.

If a block of silver and another of gold with absolutely flat surfaces are placed in contact, then in time some of the gold atoms will diffuse into the silver and vice versa.

Steel is interesting as it is iron with much smaller carbon atoms present in the spaces between the iron atoms, and the carbon atoms can move about between the iron atoms in a similar way.

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