The barrel is bored, and rifled with a cutter or broach. Match barrels are frequently lapped (polished) with a lead lapper coated with very fine abrasive. This lapping polishes out tool marks left by the rifling process, and insures uniform diameter of the bore.
In the mid 1400s
A fraction of .001".
Rifling in the barrels
Very important. It's what stablises the projectiles, which gives them their accuracy and range.
The barrels of Glock pistols use a different style of rifling, known as polygonal rifling. When shooting cast bullets, this rifling will get smeared with lead (known as "leading up"), and the pistol becomes unsafe to shoot.
The direction of the spin which is put on the bullet by the rifling.
Remington uses "hammer forged" rifled barrels on all production rifles. Their custom shop uses mostly "button rifled" barrels unless the customer specifies a barrel made by a custom barrel maker who uses the "cut-rifled" process to install rifling into a barrel blank.
I have no personal experience with this. What follows is information from a reputable local gun dealer. Rifled barrels are designed primarily for use with sabot slugs. Buckshot will not harm a rifled barrel because in the barrel, the plastic wadding holding the shot together will be the only portion of the projectile(s) in contact with the barrel. Firing rifled lead slugs will lead to difficult (nearly impossible) to clean out accumulations of lead in the barrel & negate the rifling because the rifling of the slug & the rifling of the barrel will not match up.
ALL rifles have barrels that contain "rifling". This is usually in the form of spiral grooves cut into the inside of the barrel- a few have a non-round barrel, with flat surfaces that twist as you go up the barrel. At one time, ALL shotguns had smooth bores- no rifling. However, SOME shotguns now have barrels with rifling, used to shoot slugs. They are still not rifles, as they are meant to shoot shotgun shells.
In almost all of them, yes. There have been a very few rare 45s that were made with smoothbore barrels to fire shot cartridges.
Well, there are different length barrels for different M16 versions. Often, the rifling is a 1:7 on an M16, which means it makes one rotation every 7 inches. If your barrel has 21 inches of rifling, then it will make 3 complete turns as it leaves the barrel. You need to count the number of inches rifling you have, then divide by 7. If the rifling isn't 1:7, then you need to find out what it is for a particular rifle.
Thirty-six barrels of powder, Jack One little match and they'll never be back-