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This depends on how much rain is falling on the adjacent land (inland).

When rain (freshwater) falls on land some of it sinks in and goes down into the ground where it gathers to form what is called the water table. (wells are dug down into this and when they reach it they fill with water).

The water in the water table follows the shape of the land surface and very slowly the water flows down slope towards the sea. It is therefor quite normal to get fresh water springs coming out near the shoreline or sometimes under the sea.

This means that when you dig a well near the sea it should fill with fresh water. HOWEVER if you take too much water out of the well you are in danger of depressing the water table round the well (making a dip in it), if this happens the flow is reversed and salty water from under the ocean will come in to fill it, spoiling your water supply.

In some areas of the world where there is no or little rain flow (deserts) the situation described above does not hold and salt water comes in from the sea to form the water table for a long way inland. In these areas salts accumulate in the soil round the coast.

In areas where it is not possible to use wells near to the sea, there are other ways of obtaining fresh water using the seawater. To do this you have to remove the salt in the seawater by either distillation or more usually reverse osmosis techniques.

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11y ago

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