A wireless transmitter.
a baromometer
Wind Height
They are not affected by conditions on the ground. Ground-based stations could be destroyed by severe weather (such as tornadoes or hurricanes). Satellites don't get affected by Earth's weather. Of course - satellites are at risk of meteor strike and solar radiation - but there's less chance of them being damaged.
Radar Satellite Weather balloon Ground based weather stations Computer modeling systems Airplanes
The images of weather systems on television typically come from weather satellites in space, radar systems on the ground, and weather stations located around the world. These images are captured, processed, and then transmitted to television stations or weather forecasting centers for broadcasting.
No, not before hand, but once lightening strikes the ground weather balloons can actually capture their location, heat, etc.
Weather Balloon
Weather balloons typically carry a thermometer (to measure air temperature), a psychrometer (to measure humidity), a barometer (to measure air pressure) and a transmitter (to send the information through radio waves to equipment at the ground so we will know what the instruments are measuring up in the air)
the air cools in the balloon therefor it lowers to the ground
they land on the ground and animals eat it.
Meteorologists use satellite systems (Primarily) and networks of atmospheric data-collection centers. Baloons, historical data and theories also contribute to the sources meteorologists have at their disposal.
The NOAA has several Satellites and other ground based equipment to monitor the weather. This information is given to people throughout the country for this purpose. Some television stations have their own radar for this purpose. Other countries use NOAA or have similar companies.