How do you Study interactions in the real world?

Answer 1

Evidence for an interaction

(1) Hypothesize what pattern an interaction would lead to, and

then see if that pattern actually occurs

(a) Patterns indicating competition

i) Competitive exclusion: one of the competing

species completely eliminates the other

ii) Ecological displacement: spatial

arrangement, activity periods, diets, etc.,

have changed because of competition

iii) Character displacement: morphology,

physiology, behavior, etc., have been altered

by the selective pressure of competition

iv) Competitive exclusion principle: If two

species-populations are limited by the same

resource, then one of them ultimately will

exclude the other, but coexistence is

promoted by partitioning the resource or by

adapting to the selective pressure.