How do you by- heart answers?

Answer 1

To learn something by heart you need to repeat it often. Read it a couple of times and then cover it up. Try to say it back (or write it if that's more appropriate). Look back at the original as soon as you get stuck. Test yourself again without looking. Keep repeating this until you can do it without looking. It's not quick, but it really works. Test yourself again the next day, and at frequent intervals, refreshing your memory when you need to. If it's a very long piece split it into sections.