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Speed and Velocity are two different things . Velocity- "the rate at which an object changes its position." Speed- "How fast an object is moving". To calculate speed and velocity, you first need to calculate distance and time. Velocity is considered to be a more logical term
Time and velocity
To calculate velocity using acceleration, start by multiplying the acceleration by the change in time. For example, if the acceleration is 10 m/s2 and the change in time is 5 seconds, then there is a 50 m/s increase in velocity. Then, add the initial velocity to the increase in velocity.
accrleration
the difference in velocity is mostly due to the great efficiency of the large downstream channel.
It cuts a wider, shallow channel .
These obstacles causes friction between water and rocks.This ultimately reduces the velocity of river water.The more roughness of the channel, the less the river`s velocity.
You can calculate pressure based on Piezometers but without a measurement I don't know that it is possible. I would say you can calculate the pressure force by P=Z(bar)*gama(water)*Area(of the channel).
Add the rivers velocity to the boats velocity
Speed and Velocity are two different things . Velocity- "the rate at which an object changes its position." Speed- "How fast an object is moving". To calculate speed and velocity, you first need to calculate distance and time. Velocity is considered to be a more logical term
Because acceleration is the rate of change of velocity: it is a measure of how quickly velocity is changing.
Time and velocity
To calculate velocity using acceleration, start by multiplying the acceleration by the change in time. For example, if the acceleration is 10 m/s2 and the change in time is 5 seconds, then there is a 50 m/s increase in velocity. Then, add the initial velocity to the increase in velocity.
accrleration
The gradient of a river is mostly flat or downhill which means that as the water flows it is affected by gravity. The steeper the gradient goes downhill, the more gravity will affect the water which will make the water flow faster (increases the velocity).
The River's Velocity, Gradient, and Channel shape/roughness
channel size<lies