fsck /dev/(device) or fsck (mountpoint) to check one disk
fsck -A to check all disks
fsck (means "file system check").
The first file system Linux supported was the MINIX file system.
ext3 is the default file system for Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
The pros and cons of the Linux file system include the quote saying "On a UNIX system, everything is a file, if something is not a file, it is a process". You can consider this either a pro or a con.
The NTFS file system is supported in Linux by both a kernel module and several userspace programs. It is not supported as a root file system and is not recommended for permanent file storage.
The Linux VFS (Virtual File System) may be thought of as a sort of interface between the Linux kernel and the mounted file systems. There can be many different file system types mounted simultaneously and VFS allows the Linux kernel to see and address them all in a similar way. This provides Linux with a great deal of flexibility. [JMH]
The Linux ext3 file system is the default system in many linux derivatives. It allows for journalling, which the ext2 system did not. It also allows in-situ upgrades without asking for a backup first.
Traditionally in /usr/src/linux.
Super block is supposed to be the first sector of any file system that can be mounted on Linux operating system. It is supposed to contain information about the entire file system in that partition. It has magic number to specify which file system is used in that partition and other parameters to help read/write to that file system.
This depends on the Unix/Linux system release; vendors may differ in how they log information. Typically, in a Linux distro you can find sshd authorization errors in auth.log. Other systems use syslog or syslog.log, depending on how they are configured. Check your system information to see what the exact log file is called in your environment.
Depends on the file system.
A forward slash.