How do you compare a scientic theory and a scientific law?

Answer 1

A scientific law is fundamental, unquestionable and is proven beyond a doubt. Such laws occur in forces like gravitational pull.

A scientific theory comprises a collection of concepts including abstractions of observable phenomena expressed as quantifiable properties, together with rules (scientific laws) that express relationships between observations of such concepts. A scientific theory is constructed to conform to available empirical data about such observations, and is put forth as a principle or body of principles for explaining a class of phenomena.

A scientific theory is a type of deductive theory, in that its content (i.e. empirical data) could be expressed within some formal system of logic whose elementary rules (i.e. scientific laws) are taken as axioms. In a deductive theory, any sentence which is a logical consequence is of one or more of the axioms is also a sentence of that theory.