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The basic principles - focusing on energy conversions - are the following. (1) The nuclear reaction produces heat. (2) This heat is used to boil water; the steam pushes out (there is a lot of pressure). (3) The movement and force of the steam going out is used to move a generator, which produces the electrical energy.

Of course there are a lot of technical details, for example to make it more efficient and to make it safe, but these are the basic principles.

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