These days, with DNA testing.
Earlier, by looking for detailed similarities.
DNA hybridisation is where DNA is compared from different species to determine how closely species are related
cladistics
There are many methods to determine how closely related two species may be. You could begin by comparing embryo morphology, doing radioactive dating or a visual inspection of structural and genetic similarities.
physical similarties in body structures
The system of classification helps organize and categorize the diverse range of species based on shared characteristics. By grouping species into categories like genus and species, it provides a way to understand the relationships between different organisms and their evolutionary histories. Classification also helps scientists communicate and study the vast diversity of species more effectively.
To identify organisms and determine how groups are related.
Scientists examine the bones of the species or the species body parts or the entire body. p.s good luck with the question if this didn't help ....... lol good luck duck
how can you expermentally determine if a organism is a keystone or a foundation species
Through the study of DNA gene sequences they can determine which sections of the DNA have been inherited from a common ancestral species.
They are related to all other species of ant.
you can't
A group of closely related species would share the same genus.