No it did not. It had IOS 6. But you can get IOS 7 on it. Also when IOS 7 came out they put it on the iPod 5 in stores.
Yes. All iPad minis should be running iOS 6 and can update to iOS 7 this fall.
Yes. iOS 6 will continues to support voice memos just like iOS 4, 5, and 7.
The iPhone 5 will run iOS 6 or iOS 7.
You can get free apps without a computer for iOS 6 or 7, however you can not get paid apps for free.
In iOS, you must go into Settings>"Brightness and Wallpaper" and then toggle using the brightness slider. P.S. You can toggle this with Siri in iOS 7.
Ios 7 is the latest ios. Ios 7 is available on the fifth generation iPods, recent iPads and iPhones 4 and 5.
iOS 6 is free.
Yes, when iOS 6 comes out it will be free of charge, just like iOS 5 and iOS 4 were.
iOS 6 came out of beta September 21, 2012 with the launch of the iPhone 5. You can update to the latest iOS 6.1.3 (6.1.4 with the iPhone 5) by going into Settings>General>Software Update or plugging your device into an iTunes authorized computer if you are running anything older than iOS 5. If you are not fond of the iOS 7 update, then you must update to iOS 6 before this fall because after that, Apple forces you to only update to the latest software version or not at all. But you don't have to worry about this is you have a 4th gen iPod Touch or iPhone 3GS which can't get iOS 7.
Some ios 6 devices can be jailbroken.
Probably not. The only OS for iPhone currently in beta is iOS 6. There are is no iOS 5.1.2 currently in beta and iOS 6 should be out within a few weeks. Unless a security hole in the current iPhone OS is found before 6 is released, don't expect an update to iOS 5.