You will have something in writing giving you permission. This can range from a simple Creative Commons notification on the work itself, to a very specific multi-page contract prepared in triplicate.
You'll never know for sure, unless you get his/her permission personally or he or she uses an open content license giving you this permission.
Yes; but the vast majority of uses would require licenses from the copyright holders.
There are a number of copyright holders, but most uses can be licensed through Warner Bros. Television.
With a license from the copyright holders, yes.
Depending on the journal's copyright polices, it may be Rhodes and McDaniel, or the Oncology Nursing Forum.
The images in Monopoly are copyright, which means you will need legal permission from the games copyright holders to publish the image.
There are at least three copyright holders, but for most uses I would suggest starting with Universal.
Not for people with copyrights!
It is illegal to take copyright content without consent, except in very limited cases that may constitute "fair use" under U.S. copyright law, because the person who created the work is entitled to control its use.
Blu-Ray
Yes they can. The records are not the account holders property, they are the property of the phone company.
There is no specific form for transfer; it just needs to be in writing, and signed by the original owner of the copyright.