We can obtain sulfur by Frasch Process
Yes
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aconcagua
You can mine for fossils at the sulfur mines. I'm a bit hazy on where they are but know they are in iria, near wyverns and Zardine. You can mine at the mining sites, which are a decently low chance of getting a fossil and not sulfur ores, or you can mine off the sulfur golems, which have a better chance of fossils but they might aggro you. If you're an elf, you can mine off of them and as soon as they START to aggro you, hide then un-hide.
Modern mining method..
gold,silver,sulfur,copper, and a hole bunch more.
Gunpowder isn't mined, although it is used in "mines", it is made from a compound of chemicals including charcoal, sulfur and potassium nitrate.
You can't make sulfur - it is an element, you can only mine, refine or produce it by chemical reaction. The majority of elemental sulfur in trade today is a byproduct of the petro-chemical/refining industry.
When water carries sulfur from coal in a solution, it can create acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD is formed when the sulfur reacts with oxygen and water, producing sulfuric acid. This acidic solution can leach out heavy metals from rocks, resulting in environmental pollution.
Sulfur-32, Sulfur-33, Sulfur-34, Sulfur-36
Sulfur oxide can refer to both sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3). The word equation for sulfur dioxide is sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide. The word equation for sulfur trioxide is sulfur + oxygen → sulfur trioxide.
SCl4 is the chemical formula for sulfur tetrachloride.