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How does the pH scale work?

Updated: 8/11/2023
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15y ago

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pH is the negative logarithm, to the base ten, of the concentration of hydronium ions; in simple math terms, -log10[H3O+]. Another way to read this is that the concentration of hydronium is 10 to the power of pH, 10pH. It gives an indication of how many hydronium (and therefore hydrogen) ions are dissolved in the solution concerned; a larger number means less of it and vice versa.

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15y ago
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14y ago

The pH scale is made up of 3 parts:

  • Acidic
  • Basic
  • Neutral

These 3 parts are represented on the scale in different points. The scale is like this:

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

A substance with pH between 1-7 is Acidic and on a universal indicator it comes up as the colour red or yellow.

7 is Neutral. A neutral is a substance like water it is neither acid or alkaline. It comes up as the colour green.

7-14 is Basic. It comes up as the colour blue or purple..

Examples:

  • On the scale, if the pH is 1, it is an extremely strong acid this will be deep red.
  • If it is 6, it is an extremely weak acid this will be a yellowish green.
  • if it is 8, it is an extremely weak base and its light blue.
  • If it is a 14, it is an extremely strong alkaline and its dark purple.
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7y ago

A pH under 7 is acidic, a pH over 7 is basic and a pH=7 is neutral.

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Q: How does the pH scale work?
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