You don't. The coins rusted once the zinc coating wore through.
In any case most 1943 cents are only worth a quarter or so in average condition. You'd be better off buying a better specimen, because trying to "fix" a corroded coin will only make things worse.
Oxide
Ammonia reduces the rate of corrosion on steel.
stain
No steel is more durable. But zinc is usually used to coat steel or other metals because it is resistant to rusting or corrosion.
Answer 1: oxygen and carbon in the air :-) Answer 2: Depends on what type of corrosion you are referring to. Rust and corrosion are typically used interchangeably. Rust is one type of corrosion. Corrosion is essentially the disintegration of a engineered material. Rust is a chemical reaction, but there are other chemical reactions that cause corrosion of steel (typically acids). Other types of corrosion include fretting, erosion, cavitation, and galvanic reactions. There are many methods to prevent corrosion. One of the most versatile of prevention solutions is electroless nickel plating. Electroless nickel resists all types of corrosion.
The coating is zinc, the core of the coin is steel. Zinc was used to reduce corrosion.
Oxide
It depends on the applications. Stainless Steel is more corrosion resistant and more expensive. Carbon Steel is cheaper and less corrosion resistant.
You probably meant pickled steel. Pickled steel is steel that has been washed in acid to remove surface corrosion before enter the next processing step in a factory (e.g. forging. stamping, rolling). The process of washing the steel in acid is called pickling. Once pickled the steel is rinsed in water to remove excess acid.
John Christopher Hudson has written: 'The corrosion of iron and steel' -- subject(s): Corrosion and anti-corrosives, Corrosion committee of the Iron and steel institute and the British iron and steel federation
Francisco Presuel-Moreno has written: 'Identification of commercially available alloys for corrosion-resistant metallic reinforcement and test methods for evaluating corrosion-resistant reinforcement' -- subject(s): Alloy steel, Bridge decks, Bridges, Concrete, Concrete Bridges, Corrosion, Corrosion resistance, Corrosion resistant steel, Floors, Prevention, Properties, Reinforced concrete, Reinforcing bars, Stainless Steel, Steel, Steel alloys, Steel, Stainless, Testing, Weathering steel
Steel does not rust by normal corrosion agents.
Ammonia reduces the rate of corrosion on steel.
Stainless reply: want to know steel grades other than stainless against corrosion
Corrosion is a gradual destruction of metal by chemical reactions mixed with the environment. How long stainless steel can withstand corrosion depends on the thickness of the metal.
The penny's state of corrosion.
The 1944 steel penny is worth between $75,000 and $110,000. This steel penny was minted by mistake and there were not a lot of them around.