une partie de... un morceau de.......
un beau morceau
morceau de musique
un peu- a littleyet if you want a little piece of something you would say something like "un petit morceau" a little piece..
A piece of furniture is "un meuble" (masc.) in French. Furniture collectively is "les meubles".
un morceau de bœuf
prenez une feuille de papier
Shorts (piece of clothing) are called the same in French: un short, des shorts.
Tu es une partie du ciel
No, they don't say so. This is nonsense.
La paix sur la Terre I hope that helps you :D
It's probably safer just to say "nous avons joué la musique par Beethoven" which is translated to "We played music by Beethoven"
Tu pourrais aller voir une piece de theatre.